Published on: 2025-06-18
Crude prices surged by 6% last week after Israel surprisingly ramped up its attacks on Iran. Several senior Iranian officials have been killed, despite Trump warning its ally against scuppering talks on a potential nuclear deal.
Israel and its allies have criticised Iran's build-up of proxy forces in the region, including the Lebanese Shia militant group Hezbollah which were highly active during a war against Hamas.
Teheran has made concrete progress in producing nuclear weapons, according to Mossad, including a uranium metal core and a neutron source initiator for triggering the nuclear explosion.
Iranian retaliatory strike targeted Israeli cities of Tel Aviv and Haifa, fuelling deep concerns that the conflict between the two regional enemies could lead to supply discerption in the Middle East.
Trump on Sunday urged the two countries to "make a deal," but suggested they might need to "fight it out" first. The latest conflict marks the first time the arch-enemies trade fire with such intensity.
German foreign minister Johann Wadephul is pressing on with his Middle East tour, which has been hastily rearranged due to rising geopolitical tensions. Europe is more reliant on MENA for energy with sanctions against Russia.
There is no complete end in sight to the military conflict as both Netanyahu and Khamenei come across as far-right leaders. The lack of leeway will be a constraint to any potential ceasefire deal.
Infrastructure strike
Two major energy companies are monitoring the developments but they are yet t to make firm predictions on oil prices. Baker Hughes CEO Lorenzo Simonelli says "there's one sure thing: You're going to be wrong."
If the Strait of Hormuz are affected, "that would have even more significant effects on prices, as customers around the world would be scrambling to meet their own energy needs," says Woodside Energy CEO Meg O'Neill.
While the attack was concentrated on Iran's domestic energy system rather than exports to international markets, oil traders are bracing for worse global supply chain disruption.
Trump will likely call on the OPEC+ to tap its spare production capacity if necessary, said Helima Croft, head of global commodity strategy at RBC Capital Markets. That may be insufficient to offset potential losses though.
In the past Tehran threatened to halt the Strait of Hormuz, a critical transit point in the Persian Gulf. A closure could propel international prices to as high as $130, according to JPMorgan.
"There will be questions about whether Israel is going to target more Iranian energy infrastructure," said Richard Bronze, head of geopolitics at consultant Energy Aspects Ltd, "we appear to be in an escalatory cycle."
The IEA said that global oil markets are well supplied amid slowing fuel demand and recent production increases by OPEC+ and it was prepared to tap emergency stockpiles.
Balancing power
After holding back supply for almost three years to push prices higher, OPEC+ output curbs were no longer having as much impact, said analysts. It looks reasonable to ratchet up output for market share.
Officials in Riyadh were well aware that turning on the taps pleased Trump as evidenced by deals in AI build out, nuclear programme and advanced weapons during his Gulf trip.
Despite that, the kingdom fears repeating the mistake of 2018. Back then Trump persuaded the OPEC+ to increase production ahead of a crackdown on Tehran's exports, which ended up with oil prices below $50.
Elsewhere the US Energy Department's loan office should fund oil and gas infrastructure, a White House aide said earlier this month. The thing is the industry rarely finds it difficult to secure bank financing.
The EIA said Overall US production will decline 0.4% to 13.37 million bpd next year, the first drop since 2021. The Gulf of Mexico's growing importance offers hope against the backdrop.
The basin took a backseat to the shale boom in the past two decades. With lower crude prices taking a toll on shale drillers, major, longer-term Gulf projects are starting to come online.
A fundamental change in the offshore business model is also celebrated. Major oil firms have turned to smaller, simpler production vessels, making deepwater no longer high-cost by default.
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